The phases of the moon occur as a result of the Earth casting a shadow on the moon. The moon's shadow reflects its position and rotation about the Earth.
What causes the seasons?
The seasons are caused by the Earth's rotation on its axis as faces towards or away from the Sun. Seasons can also be described as the difference in the amount of sunlight that reaches the Earth at different points.
What causes a lunar eclipse?
Lunar eclipses are the result of the Moon moving directly behind the Earth (farthest from the Sun). It is characterized by being completely covered by Earth's shadow.
Below are my additional notes from today's class:
Heliocentric: sun-centered solar system
Geocentric: earth-centered solar system
Earth takes 1 day to complete a rotation; about 365 days to orbit Earth
Moon:
- Half that's facing Sun gets light
- Rotation around Earth gives us the phases
- 1 month to rotate around Earth
- Rotates & revolves:
- Rotation synced with revolution
- Rotation = we always see same side
Earth:
- Half facing Sun gets light
- Gives us day and night
- Shortest day = tilted farthest away
- Winter solstice
- Longest day = tilted
- No tilt = light and dark always 12 hours
Tropic lines:
- Mark most/least sun exposure (Cancer and Capricorn)
- Equinox: 12 hours of light and dark
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